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James Haydock
James Haydock (1764?–1809) was a Catholic recusant priest who served during the waning years of the Penal Period in England and died a martyr to charity while attending the sick of his congregation during an epidemic.
==Early years==
James Haydock was the eldest of three brothers from the second marriage of his father George, to Ann (née Cottam), which would produce one of the greatest generations of the ancient Catholic recusant Haydock family (see also George Leo Haydock and Thomas Haydock). James was born in Cottam, Preston, Lancashire, in an area called The Fylde, where Catholics had retained a relatively strong presence since initiation of the Penal Laws in the 16th century. Different sources give alternatively 1764, 1765, or 1766 as his year of birth. His elementary education was at a school established at Mowbreck Hall in Wesham. In 1780, at the age of "about 14," he went to complete his education and eventually study for the priesthood at the English College, Douai (contemporary English spelling, Douay), France. He arrived there June 18, after passing through London, there witnessing the anti-Catholic Gordon Riots that had occurred a few days before. In 1785 he was joined by his two brothers, George Leo and Thomas. It may be a reflection of the instability of the Church's status during this revolutionary period that he was ordained to the diaconate in Bruges in 1791, and to the priesthood in Arras in 1792. He continued at Douay for a few months serving as professor. However, the situation in France became more threatening on February 1, 1793, when France declared war on England, so he departed Douay ten days later ''Missus in Vineam'' (sent to the vineyard), i.e., to serve in the English missions. He would be one of the last priests to complete his priestly studies at Douay before the French Revolutionary government finally closed the college in October, 1793. Shortly before then, James' brothers George Leo and Thomas were forced in the middle of their studies to flee back to England.
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